Testing the Impact of Exports, Imports, and Trade Openness on Economic Growth in Namibia: Assessment Using the ARDL Cointegration Method

This study examines the impact of exports, imports, and trade openness on Namibia’s economic growth using ARDL cointegration method. The results reveal a significant negative relationship between imports growth, while exports show positive relationships with growth. Moreover, short-term is driven by openness. findings suggest that liberalisation export-led are crucial for development. Overall, this supports mercantilist theory, which emphasises importance participating in global markets increasing trade.